Lop Nur is located at the eastern end of the Tarim Basin in the satellite photos, you can see here a circle shape of ear-shaped contour of the ancient relics dating back shore, which is 9,600,000 square kilometers of China's territory on a piece of land full of mystery.
Lop Nur in Xinjiang is the first in the Great Lakes, also known as Rob nur. Rob nur Mongolia voice translation system, which means more water pooled on the lake. A century of the "Han" which describes the "vast 300, Shuiting their home, do not increase or decrease in summer and winter." At the time of the Warring States Period, "Book of Mountains and Seas," calls it "Ze steep"; "Han-Western Regions", also known as the "Po-type sea", said "the vast three hundred years", refers to the length or width Up to 300 years away. The scope and is seen on satellite photos of the large ears of the outermost line Hudi, covering an area of at least up to more than five or six thousand square kilometers. In the Northern Wei, the lake has been shrinking, and the last round, "Shui Jing Zhu," called "extensive round of more than 400 years", and satellite photographs form a very central Hudi Sui and Tang Dynasties period, the lake has also reduced some of the "sand chart by the state," recorded as "wide four weeks." On behalf of Wei Dynasty, to further reduce "from east to west, Bajiu Shi" (such as Liu Qinghe exploration). In 1942 "the landscape of Xinjiang" in mind for the area, "2520 square kilometers." By 1966 the "long from north to south only 1 0 km from east to west Kuanjin 3 to 16 kilometers "(" sand ").
Lop Nur is the Tarim River, Shule and Kongquehe end of the lake, the main sources of water supply on these rivers. The Lop Nur dried up due to human economic activity on the river run-off re-allocation. From the middle of the Western Han Dynasty, the upper and middle reaches of the river area Dynasty style, a large number of irrigation water, causing the water into the lake gradually reduced. Especially after the liberation, but also large-scale land reclamation and farmland, rivers of water discharged by the sharp decline to the Tarim River water has been drying up in the vicinity of Arakan, Kongquehe Ying Pun arrived in the vicinity of the water one by one Dry Shule water as early as the middle of the Qing Dynasty had repercussions on the supply of Lop Nur, with the result that this has become a completely dried up in the world.
Qing Dynasty, Ami reached an in-depth study Lakes, to write "by Heyuan field" contained Juanjiu: "Rob nur for the giant Western-taek, the last in the Western Regions North and west together by the public landscape, a total of 67 cotton in 5000, the flow in 4500 and the remaining sand Tut much every other restrictions, but those who are not hidden. Written to the mountain, the circle Yu break all the more nur, nur things with two faces more than 100 years, more than 100 in the northwest, summer and winter surplus is not Busu ... ... "
Xu Song of Science in the home, "the Western Regions in mind water," marked the illustrations in the Tarim Department Note Kongquehe discharged Lop Nur. Italian merchant Marco Polo, Russian explorer potential Waersiji H M Poole, Sweden geographer Sven Hedin, Ge Dingdun Americans, the British Stein, the Japanese tangerine Rui-chao and the French state W , Have an inspection tour of Lop Nur, and left a wonderful description.
In 1930-1934, China's scientists Bute Huang, Chong, to Lop Nur site visits, but also measured the map. After the founding of the PRC, 1959 1980-1981, the Chinese Academy of Sciences Group Lop Nur over the size of the study. The mysterious Lop Nur, first of all here is a unique harsh environment, heat, drought, wind, Ya, salt crust to stop people close to it, to Lop Nur cast a mysterious layers of the "curtain." Here, annual rainfall is less than 10 mm in some places and even a few drops of the year Do not drop, and evaporation is as high as 3000 mm more than the precipitation of more than a few hundred times!
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