Longmen Grottoes is one of China's four grottoes, located in the southern suburbs of Luoyang City, 13 kilometers. Green mountains and blue waters here, traditional costumes and Vientiane, as early as 1961 by the State Council as a key state protection unit, in 1982 the State Council was announced as the first batch of national scenic spots. In November 2000, the United Guo UNESCO will be included in the Longmen Grottoes, "the World Heritage List."
Longmen Grottoes in cutting Qianduluoyang before and after Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei (AD493), Western Wei Dynasty through later, Eastern Wei, Northern Qi, Sui, Tang and the Five Dynasties to create in order to sail here that the Ga-mile-long north-south, with two thousand Block Kukan and respect more than 100,000 statues of the grottoes relics. It took 500 years to create a process, including the Northern Wei and Tang of the two statues of the high tide stage. So far, the two kept in Yique Hill, which, like thousands of niche, the vast majority of all the times the two cultural heritage.
Longmen Grottoes of emphasis in the Tang Dynasty Cave in to Losana niche as a group of the grand scale of the cut and polish the most well-known arts groups. The basis for "Kegon as" Diaozao of Chang Kai-like shrine to generous, the extraordinary momentum of the Buddha Losana as the center, with a week full of modal quality of the image of the art group will kind of world is full of Buddhist The ideal of harmonious color mood Up to the full, long rhyme flow.
Since the grottoes carved the spectacular qualities, extensive and profound art meteorological infection pray for the well-being of all mortal life to Buddhist region as the main goal will be to attract a large number of devout men and women of Mu its reputation linger. Today, the goal Dongshan pines in the shade of Calocedrus Xiangshan Temple is Wu Zhou dynasty of the feudal era for the resettlement of Indian monk came to China to blame woman who left Romania and the establishment of the Buddhist Temple hospital. In the next 100 years, Xiangshan Temple Law Mian sound, flourishing incense, resulting in the Tang era of the renowned Chinese and foreign cultural figures to Po Chu-i had to lay with the full circumstances of the monks and others formed the "nine old Xiangshan," to sing Yu Tang Shang Monastery of the forest, Chen Xi Ai smoke. Po Chu Hui-chang six died in Luoyang Daoli Lu's former home, leaving his name buried in Xiangshan Temple and a master tower over the side. Today, Bai Xiangshan Temple on the north side of the cemetery, guests from all walks of life is to pay the historical and cultural celebrities of the best places.
Longmen Grottoes which was filled with love of faith Cultural heritage, its most exotic form of external style and full of inherent human sense of virtue, the ancient society of the majority of the people in the real world is full of will to pray for the refraction of material. Of the Chinese nation is longing for a better life and the pursuit of the spirit of the effectiveness of extreme creativity, through the efforts of the ring while you're human landscape can be To a thorough explanation.
? evaluation of the World Heritage Committee:
Longmen Grottoes region and shrines to show China's Tang Dynasty to the late Northern Wei Dynasty (AD 493 to 907 years), the largest and most outstanding of the plastic arts. These detailed description of the Buddhist religion in the subject matter of art as , On behalf of the Chinese art of stone peak.
? Overview:
Longmen Grottoes in November 30, 2000 under the selection criteria of the World Cultural Heritage C (I) (II) (III) appeared in the "World Heritage List." Because East and West Hill confrontation between the two, from water flowing through Iraq, Up the door like a burning, so is also known as the "missing in Iraq," after the Tang Dynasty, called "Dragon." Here is located in the hub, a beautiful and pleasant weather, is the concept of travel seekers can explore the resort. Longmen Grottoes because of the rock where the stone quality, suitable for carving, the ancient caves cut choice here. And the Longmen Grottoes in Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes in Gansu, Shanxi Datong Yungang Grottoes and referred to as "the three major Chinese art treasure-house of stone." Before cutting in the grotto when Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei (471 AD-477), after more than 400 years to complete, so far in 1500 has been the history of North and South about 1 Longmen Grottoes , The existing 1,300 caves, Kukan 2345, the title recorded more than 3,600 tablets and chemicals, pagoda more than 50 seats, more than 97,000 Buddha statue. Among them, in Binyang hole, Yang Fengxian Temple and the ancient representative of the most holes.
Wei Cave - 495 AD in Room Wei Qiu Hui into the goal in the beginning Cut ,500-old Yang - 523 years of Emperor Wu Wei Xuan, Wei Xiaoming Timor Binyang drilled holes in a row north of the three caves, holes and Danyang Binyang-hole total construction cost more than 800,000 artificial, dug a prescription And the hole dug at the Eastern Wei Lian Huadong caves, and so on. Caves in the Northern Dynasties Longmen Mountains, the ancient Yang Hye Sung from the hole to Wei at the end of 50 years to create a show out of Chinese art form, the Big Buddha posture from the Yungang Grottoes formidable vigorous into the Longmen Grottoes amiable moderate. Binyang to hole in the main Buddha statue represented by the characters face with a smile, than the Yungang Grottoes Longmen Grottoes show more Chinese Buddhist art. Tang Cave - is the peak of the Tang Dynasty, accounting for 60% of the total number of caves and above, Wu cut the power grottoes accounted for most of the caves in the Tang Dynasty, with her long-term related to Luoyang. Fengxian Temple is the representative of the Cave Tang, the 70-foot Buddha, Kasyapa, Ananda, King Kong, God the King 50-foot high (the length of the Tang Dynasty) Scale, in the Longmen Grottoes in the first that has spent four years time, Wu own money through 20,000.
Longmen two products are valuable Weibei body of the fine art of calligraphy. On behalf of the Weibei, generous correct shape, vigorous momentum strong, Lishu is to block the transition in font A, ten Yang goods in the ancient cave.
Binyang hole is in the Northern Wei Dynasty (AD 386 to 512 years) of the representative works. The cave before and after 24 years to complete, it is time to cut up to a cave. Inside there are 11 large statue of Buddha. As the main Buddha image, delicate and pretty face, look natural, can be Wei stone carving art masterpieces of the medium-term. Main Block, as the former two carved stone lions vigorous gesture. Shi Li about two disciples, the Buddha, Bodhisattva as Ningmou smile and gentle. Also a hole carved Buddha public, to listen to his relief as the law, to life. Flying Kuding fairy portrait of the very vivid.
Bong Temple is the largest of the Longmen Grottoes in a cave, Zhang Kuange more than 30 meters. Fengxian Temple's extraordinary is that in the middle of a huge statue Losana statue is a fine art to be preposterous. Losana 17.14 m high statue of the total, in the first 4 meters high, 1.9 meters long ears. According to Buddhist scriptures say, which means bright times Losana . This Buddha statue, Feng Yi Xiu eyes, mouth Wei Qiao, was like a smile, head slightly, looking down for a little state, like a wise and kind-hearted middle-aged women, Jinger is fear. The remark was made that, in shaping this Buddha statue, the lofty sentiments and feelings of the rich, open-minded and elegant appearance in the perfect combination , As a result, she has tremendous artistic charm.
Fengxian Temple of the whole sculpture is a perfect art as a whole. Big Buddha Losana side next to his disciples Ananda also, Kasyapa, Buddha and the threat paternity Book, the King statue. These statues, some kind, and some pious when it comes to the edge of the King, Book , Is the face of ferocious, aggressive, as the main contrast to more prominent.
Kwu Tung Yang is the first cut in the Longmen Grottoes, one of the most abundant, but also on behalf of the Northern Wei period, another cave. Yang ancient cave shrines there are many statues, shrines of these statues are more questions in mind that record Figures at the time of the last name , And the reason statues date, these studies are the Northern Wei Dynasty calligraphy and the art of carving valuable information. Milestone in the history of Chinese calligraphy "Dragon two goods", most of the focus here. , "Gantry two goods" on behalf of the Weibei, correct font generous, energetic strong momentum, Longmen Grottoes is the essence of the art of calligraphy Tablets Has always been respected by the world.
There is also a prescription-dong, engraved with 140 prescriptions, reflecting the ancient Chinese medical achievement. Some prescription carved on stone tablets in caves or in other places have found that this is the medical achievements of the ancient world after the mass is an important method.
Liuzhou Cave has also retained a large number of religions, fine arts, calligraphy, music, clothing, medicine, construction and transportation and other aspects of Chinese and foreign materials in kind. As a result, it is also a large stone of the Museum of Art.
? the value of cultural heritage:
Chinese grotto art of the "milestone"
Liuzhou Grottoes scale of the event, the magnificent, exquisite carving statues inside the cave, content-rich subject matter, as the world's greatest treasure-house of one of the classical arts. It has its own system, the original language of sculpture art, sculpture reveals the artistic creation of a variety of laws and rules. Before it caves in the arts are to retain more of the bullock Tuo Luo dodder and the art of horse feed ingredients, and the Longmen Grottoes are far grotto art for India in the past following the style of Yungang Grottoes, Luoyang and the Wei, Jin and Southern Dynasties of Han-the-art deep historical and cultural integration into cut. So statues of Longmen Grottoes Art beginning of this nation into a sense of aesthetic form and the pursuit of a strong and savvy, Grotto art in China has shown, secular trend, Chinese grotto art show can be called the changes "a milestone."
Royal style
Longmen Grottoes is the Northern Wei, Tang Dynasty Royal made aristocracy would like to focus on the statues. Nobility of the royal family has a strong human, material conditions of their main The caves cut inevitable large-scale, magnificent, grotto art together at the time of the essence, the Longmen Grottoes and therefore it is very representative. These caves cut is the will of the Royal and the embodiment of acts, with a strong religious country, so the rise and fall of the Longmen Grottoes, China not only reflects the 5-10 century Sung rooms Buddhist believers Rise and Fall of the changes in some Side at the same time reflects the history of China's political situation and socio-economic trends in the development of the situation, it is the meaning of other caves are second to none.
20 Longmen goods
"Dragon 20" in the title began in the Qing Dynasty, the so-called "Dragon Ten goods "refers to the Longmen Grottoes in from the Northern Wei period of two statues to questions in mind, of which 19 products in the old-Yang, a Hong-ci goods in the cave." Dragon 20 "in the Northern Wei period is the essence of the art of calligraphy for, It demonstrates the art of calligraphy, in the Jin Dynasty and the Han Dynasty Lishu Lishu developed on the basis of evolved, fonts Zhuang generous, simple robust, both tone Lishu as well as regular script, "Weibei" representatives in the development of the arts in the history of Chinese calligraphy has a very high status.
Longmen Grottoes retains a lot of religion, fine arts, calligraphy, music, clothing, medicine, construction and traffic in areas such as foreign real Historical data, so that it can be called for a large stone Museum of Art. Longmen Grottoes Art Research for China's ancient history, especially in sculpture, painting, calligraphy, architecture, costumes, music and dance, design patterns as well as the social climate of the times, and so on, provide a great deal of valuable information.
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